The Irish are an ethnic group and nation native to the island of Ireland, who share a common ancestry, history and culture. There have been humans in Ireland for about 33,000 years, and it has been continually inhabited for more than 10,000 years (see Prehistoric Ireland).
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Ireland is a country of western Europe occupying five-sixths of the westernmost major island of the British Isles. The country is noted for a rich heritage of culture and tradition that was linked initially to the Irish language. Its capital city is Dublin.
Irish culture is vibrant, varied, and deeply rooted in the island’s history. It spans mythology, the Irish language, traditional music, art, literature, dance, and cuisine, shaped over centuries by influences from the Normans, Vikings, Scots, and English.
Irish families of English origin were often called Anglo-Irish, and some of the Anglo-Irish produced literature and poetry that are known and loved the world over. Examples include the works of Jonathan Swift, Oscar Wilde, George Bernard Shaw, and W. B. Yeats.
Irish is a Celtic language (as English is a Germanic language, French a Romance language, and so on). This means it is a member of the Celtic language family. Its “sister” languages are Scottish Gaelic and Manx (Isle of Man); its more distant “cousins” are Welsh, Breton, and Cornish.
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