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The chemical formula of a compound is always written with the cation first, followed by the anion. For example, Na is the cation and Cl is the anion in NaCl (table salt).
When writing the formula of a compound, the cation is listed before the anion. For example, in NaCl, the sodium atom acts as the cation, while the chlorine atom acts as the anion.
What is a cation? A cation has more protons than electrons, consequently giving it a net positive charge. For a cation to form, one or more electrons must be lost, typically pulled away by atoms with a stronger affinity for them.
A cation is an ion that has lost one or more electrons, giving a net positive charge. Because one or more electrons are removed to form a cation, the cation of an atom is smaller than the neutral atom.
The cations are simply named as the parent element. The sodium cation is still called "sodium". Often, the charge would be attached for clarity, so the sodium cation might be referred to as "sodium one plus".
A cation is an ion with a positive charge formed when an atom or group of atoms loses one or more electrons. In contrast, an anion is an ion that has a negative charge because it gains electrons.
The cations are designated by the symbol for the parent element and a plus charge as a superscript after the element symbol - the potassium cation would be indicated as K +.