Extreme urban heat is becoming an urgent challenge for Bangkok, threatening lives, livelihoods, and the city’s economic resilience. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect exacerbates this crisis, turning built-up areas into heat traps that contribute to heat-related mortality, lost productivity, higher energy consumption, and other negative outcomes.
Shaping a Cooler Bangkok: Tackling Urban Heat for a More Livable City
Kigali is bringing nearly 500 hectares of urban wetlands back to life—the largest city-wide urban wetland rehabilitation in Africa and one of the largest in the world. Five Wetland Ecosystem Parks will draw over one million annual visits by 2031, create 5,000 jobs, and result in $45-90 million in avoided flood damages, linking recreation, research, and nature-based tourism to community benefits.
Over the years, we’ve seen plenty of riffs on the trench in designer collections, from the likes of Burberry, Prada, Chloé, and Toteme—paneled patchwork trenches, balloon-sleeve shapes, cropped cuts, ...
Ocean trenches are steep depressions exceeding 6,000 meters in depth, where old ocean crust from one tectonic plate is pushed beneath another plate. Trenches make up the world's hadal zone.
The hadal zone occurs only in trenches, which can extend to 11,000 meters deep (36,000 feet). Hadal regions combined across all oceans make up an area about the size of Australia.
What is the abyssal zone? Earth’s vast oceans run deep, bottoming out around 4,000 meters (13,123 feet) in most places, although trenches can form underwater canyons extending another 7,000 meters (22,965 feet). The seafloor and water column from 3,000 to 6,500 meters (9,842 to 21,325 feet) depth is known as the abyssal zone, or the abyss. Sunlight doesn’t penetrate to these depths, so the ...